Dangerous goods transport handling precautions

1. To engage in the transportation of dangerous goods, you must first become a half-expert. The driver must learn a certain amount of chemical knowledge and understand the physical and chemical properties of the chemicals that are often carried. Before starting the shipment, you should ask the business department clearly about the physical and chemical properties of the cargo, and precautions, such as the specific gravity, flash point, toxicity, and expansion coefficient of the product. For example, epichlorohydrin in transport barrels has a large expansion coefficient and is flammable. When filling, new barrels must be used, and the barrels must be full without leaving any space. In summer, it is necessary to install shed poles and awnings on the car, to ventilate and avoid light, especially to prevent direct sunlight; and to apply for a dangerous goods transport certificate from the relevant department, and hang a small yellow flag with the words "dangerous goods" written on it for people to identify . In addition, you should bring a few lid seals, one or two wet sacks, a small amount of sand, a special wrench, and a dry powder fire extinguisher for emergency needs.

        2. Drive at a medium speed and drive carefully to transport dangerous goods. The responsibility is heavier than Mount Tai. It is necessary to choose a driver with a mild temper, superb skills, and a non-smoking driver. Drive politely and take the initiative to avoid all kinds of vehicles. Avoid potholes, do not drive heroic cars or angry cars, and make the vehicles move forward smoothly. When driving, use emergency brakes as little as possible to keep the cargo stable. It is worth reminding that no matter what kind of chemical products are transported, they must be covered with rain cloth to prevent cigarette butts from flying down when driving.

         3. On the way of driving, check the hidden dangers of dangerous goods transportation. The hidden dangers of accidents start from leakage. Due to the bumps and vibrations of the vehicle on the way, it is easy to cause damage to the packaging, and the damage is often concentrated on three "points": ①The lid is not tightened or sealed The ring fails; ②The welding seam of the iron drum and the drum reinforcement are damaged due to friction; ③The bottom of the drum is caused by displacement during driving. Therefore, after driving for 2 hours, check whether there is overflow on the lid, and tighten it again with a special wrench. If the sealing ring fails, it should be replaced; whether the filling between the iron drums has fallen; whether there is any leakage around the bottom of the compartment , if there is, the leaky barrel should be found out, and the leak point should be upward; whether the binding rope is loose, etc. It is worth reminding that in high temperature seasons, the liquid will expand. When replacing the sealing ring, open it slowly, and wait until the gas is released before opening it, so as to avoid the liquid spraying out and hurting people when the cover is opened too quickly.

         4. The driving route and time should be chosen properly. To transport dangerous goods, choose the main national highway with smooth roads. Drive away from towns and residential areas. If you have to pass through, you must check again to confirm that there is no leakage before crossing the border. It is not allowed to stop for rest and meals in urban streets and densely populated areas. It is recommended to rest during the day and drive at night to avoid the peak hours of vehicles and personnel. In the event of a leak and personal strength cannot be recovered, quickly drive to an open area, away from crowds and water sources. Once a traffic accident occurs, the scope of isolation should be expanded and the relevant department should be reported immediately.

         5. The process of loading goods and going to the site to engage in the transportation of dangerous goods is actually a process of testing the driver's sense of responsibility, and he must be careful from the beginning of work. The loading of dangerous goods in barrels may seem simple, but it is actually very particular. The loading must be uniform and balanced; various chemical dangerous goods cannot be mixed to avoid chemical reactions after leakage. There is a gap, and the gap should be filled with waste cardboard or woven bag; the exhaust pipe should be equipped with a flame arrester; Bundle the goods into a whole and fix them to ensure a firm load.

          6. Be careful when unloading to prevent pollution Most chemical products are toxic and corrosive, which can easily pollute the environment if you don’t pay attention, especially liquid products are easy to pollute land and water. After long-distance transportation, the outer packaging may be damaged, so pay special attention when unloading. Where there is no special platform, springboards or wooden bars should be laid, and the barrels should be pulled to the ground slowly with ropes, or the ground should be cushioned with waste tires to play a buffer role. And inform the owner that dangerous goods should be put on hold for a period of time, and then used after the various properties are stable. It is worth reminding that if you find traces of leakage in the compartment, don't rush to clean it. You should clean it with sawdust or sand first, let it dry and evaporate, and rinse it with water in a place far away from the water source to avoid polluting the environment. Avoid opening the cap too quickly and spraying liquid to hurt people.

       Of course, according to the different characteristics of dangerous goods, the precautions in the loading and unloading process are also different, and relevant personnel and enterprises need to be especially vigilant. Next, let's learn how to safely load and unload dangerous goods transportation with the editor.

       (1) Flammable liquid

       1. There must be no residues such as oxidants, natural objects, and strong alkalis in the compartment.

       2. The flammable liquid contained in the steel drum must not be rolled over and unloaded from a high place. When unloading the truck, when sliding or rolling from above, measures should be taken to prevent sparks, and people around should respond to prevent damage to the steel drum.

       3. When loading and unloading tank (tank) vehicles, tighten the hand brake, fix the wheels, turn off the engine, cut off the main power supply, connect the static electricity removal device, the operator must not leave the post, and use explosion-proof lighting equipment for night loading and unloading operations.

       (2) Explosives

       1. The bottom plate of the dangerous goods transportation compartment must be flat and intact. When using an iron bottom for shipment, protective measures should be taken, such as laying wooden boards, plywood, rubber sheets, etc., and there must be no acid, alkali, oxidant and other residues.

       2. When loading and unloading, operators are not allowed to wear fire or wear shoes with nails and work clothes that are prone to static electricity. During operation, it is not allowed to smash, roll over, and strictly prevent friction, impact and severe vibration. It is strictly forbidden to contact open flame, high temperature, and use iron tools.

       3. After loading, it should be covered tightly with tarpaulin and tied firmly. The total stacking height of dangerous goods transport vehicles should not exceed 1.5 meters. When using mechanical loading and unloading operations, the load should be reduced by 2% according to the specified load.

       (3) Compressed gas and liquefied gas

       1. There must be no grease pollutants and strong acid residues in the dangerous goods transport vehicle.

       2. Tighten the cap of the bottle when loading the car, and pay attention to protect the valve of the gas cylinder to prevent it from being damaged; the people under the car must wait for the people on the car to put the bottle properly before continuing to fill the bottle in the car. In the same compartment, no two persons are allowed to fill bottles on the train alone at the same time.

       3. During loading and unloading operations, do not point the valve at the person, and pay attention to prevent the safety cap of the bottle from falling off. The gas cylinder should be turned upright, and it is not allowed to roll the bottle or pass it by hand. The gas cylinder must be safe immediately.

       (4) Corrosion products

       1. In particular, it is necessary to prevent the outer packaging from being broken and peeling off. Liquid corrosive products must not be shouldered, carried, avoid rolling, friction, and fragile containers and packaging must not be stacked.

       2. Oxidizing items shall not be in contact with combustibles and reducing agents, organic corrosive products shall not be in contact with open flame, high temperature or oxidizing agents, alkaline and acidic corrosive products shall not be mixed, and inorganic acid corrosive products shall not be mixed with organic acid corrosive products.

       (5) Flammable solids, spontaneous combustion items and wet flammable items

       1. Before loading, the dangerous goods transport vehicle shall not leave any acid, grease and oxidant residues.

       2. The loading and unloading operation site must be far away from fire and heat sources. Operators are not allowed to wear fire or wear shoes with nails.

       3. It is strictly forbidden to ship wet and flammable items without rain and snow protection equipment in rainy and snowy days.

       (6) Oxidizing agents and organic peroxides

       1. Before loading, there must not be any acid or soft powdery combustible residues in the dangerous goods transport vehicle, and keep away from fire and heat sources during loading and unloading.

       2. The wheels of trolleys and forklifts should be made of non-metallic materials such as rubber. The loading and unloading tools must not remain or be stained with impurities. The pallets and trolleys should be dedicated as much as possible. The loading and unloading tools should have devices to prevent sparks.

       (7) There are drugs

       1. The packaging should be carefully checked before shipment, and if any leakage or damage is found, shipment is prohibited.

       2. During loading and unloading operations, corresponding protective equipment must be worn to prevent poisoning caused by accidental ingestion, inhalation or skin contact.